I just finished reading Janine Benyus’ Biomimicry: Innovation Inspired by Nature, which is the sort of book that places itself very firmly on the optimistic side of the environmental debate. It is almost 300 pages of possible solutions to many of our problems based on the designs created by natural selection in nature. It covers everything from using shape-changing proteins to store digital information, to mimicking a natural prairie in our agriculture by using perennials instead of annuals.
So many of the ideas presented in the book are inspiring. Who can help but be impressed and humbled by a spider who is able to create a substance with a tensile strength greater than steel, in water, at room temperature, out of the flies and gnats they eat. Our methods of material creation ( toxic chemicals + heat + pressure ) seem so clumsy and wasteful in comparison.
Still, after a lengthy string of breakthroughs and observations presented in the book, I couldn’t help but be a little weary of this overly-technocratic look at our environmental issues. Technology is going to be extremely important in combatting our numerous environmental problems, but it’s only a small piece of the puzzle.
The sort of changes we need go well beyond simply swapping-out our incandescent bulbs and installing programmable thermostats. We need a fundamental shift in the way we live, in the way we move, the way we eat, in our economy and in our social norms. The book argues that we need to find a balanced existence not predicated on depletion of resources and unlimited growth. It’s going to be bumpy, but solving these problems is going to need real, deep social change.
At the very end of Biomimicry I ran across an observation made by Wendell Berry which touches on just one small element of social change. In Benyus’ words:
Berry argues, for instance, that shoddy workmanship is a much greater threat to our forests than clear-cutting. Only when we come to value the well-made chair or table that lasts a lifetime will we begin to value and save the source of these things, whole forests instead of trees. When the product of that forest is a durable idea, as it is in biomimicry, the same valuing of source will occur.
In short, we need to reject the whole notion of a commodity-based, disposable culture. We need to start buying things to last instead of to throw out. This often means putting-up more money up-front, but saving more in the long term. It also means being more careful and selective about the things we buy.